Vibrations in vehicles – an underestimated risk to the back

May 02 2025

Operators of agricultural machinery, construction vehicles, and trucks are exposed daily to vibrations transmitted through the seat into the body. This so-called whole-body vibration (WBV) is not harmless: prolonged exposure to these vibrations has been proven to increase the risk of back pain, intervertebral disc degeneration, and chronic fatigue.

Why Vibration Exposure in Tractors, Construction Machinery and Trucks Deserves Serious Attention

According to research by the University of Iowa (2021), operators of machines such as tractors, forklifts, and excavators often exceed the action value of 0.5 m/s² within just two hours — the threshold set by European Directive 2002/44/EC. This action value is the point at which employers are obligated to take measures to reduce vibration exposure. If the limit value of 1.15 m/s² is exceeded, intervention is not optional but mandatory. In practice, over 30% of machines consistently exceed this action value.

The link between vibrations and back pain is undeniable

Multiple scientific studies — including work by Bovenzi (Italy) and Hulshof (Netherlands) — have established a clear correlation over recent decades between vibration exposure and lower back pain. Vibrations, especially in the 4 to 8 Hz range (the natural resonance of the human spine), can lead to microtraumas, accelerated disc degeneration, and reduced blood circulation in deep back muscles.

A Dutch study among tractor drivers revealed that they reported back pain about 10% more often than colleagues not exposed to vibrations. These complaints increase with both the intensity and duration of the exposure.

An ergonomic seat is not a luxury — it’s a necessity

Although it’s impossible to eliminate all vibrations, a well-designed seat can absorb a substantial part of the mechanical load. Modern ergonomic seats — such as those by Grammer, ISRI, Trône Seating or KAB Seating — are equipped with:

Air suspension or active suspension: reduces vibration transmission by 30–50%, and peak loads by up to 75% (DLG test results from Grammer).
Low-frequency suspension: crucial for absorbing the most harmful vibrations in the spine’s resonance range.
Adjustable lumbar support, backrest, seat and armrests: promote healthy posture and reduce lower back strain.
Swivel functions and climate control: increase comfort during long workdays and reduce static strain.
Individually adjustable design with memory function by Trône Seating for maximum personal comfort.

Yet it’s not just about design — correct adjustment and regular maintenance of seats are equally vital. Field research shows that suspension systems not calibrated to the driver’s weight or malfunctioning dampers can entirely undermine the ergonomic benefits.

Trône Seating tackles vibration risks proactively

The risk of chronic back pain due to vibration exposure is real — but it can be significantly reduced with the right technical solutions. At Trône Seating, we see every day how the right seat choice makes a difference in comfort, productivity and long-term driver wellbeing.

Trône Seating offers in-house designed and manufactured seats that meet the strictest ergonomic standards. Our advisors help select the ideal seat for every type of vehicle, tailored to working conditions, usage duration and personal preferences. Read more about how Trône Seating helps prevent back pain.

Key Facts at a Glance:

30% of vehicles exceed the European vibration action value within just 2 hours (Univ. of Iowa, 2021)
10% more back pain reported by tractor drivers compared to non-exposed colleagues (Dutch field study)
Up to 75% less peak vibration with an ergonomic seat such as the Trône Seating High Back
Air suspension seats reduce 30–50% of vibration exposure on average
Incorrect adjustment or worn suspension dramatically reduces effectiveness

Dealing with elevated vibration exposure, staff health complaints, or looking to comply with European standards? Our specialists are ready to help you find practical, immediately applicable solutions for your machinery fleet.